Carl Benedikt Frey

Carl Benedikt Frey is the Dieter Schwarz Associate Professor of AI & Work at the Oxford Internet Institute and a Fellow of Mansfield College, University of Oxford. He also serves as Director of the Future of Work Programme and Oxford Martin Citi Fellow at the Oxford Martin School.

Frey joined the Oxford Martin School in 2011, where he founded and continues to lead the Future of Work Programme. Between 2012 and 2014, he also taught at the Department of Economic History at Lund University. His academic affiliations include appointments as Economics Associate at Nuffield College and Senior Fellow at the Institute for New Economic Thinking, University of Oxford. He remains an Associate Fellow of Economic History at Lund University and is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts.

Frey has contributed to international policy dialogue through roles with the World Economic Forum’s Global Future Council on the New Economic Agenda and the Bretton Woods Committee. From 2020 to 2022, he was a member of the Global Partnership on Artificial Intelligence (GPAI), a multistakeholder initiative hosted by the OECD focused on the responsible development and deployment of AI.

As an advisor and consultant, Frey has worked with leading international organizations, governments, think tanks, and global businesses, including the G20, OECD, European Commission, United Nations, and several Fortune 500 companies.

He is co-author of the influential study The Future of Employment: How Susceptible Are Jobs to Computerisation, which has been cited over 17,000 times and informed assessments by the White House Council of Economic Advisers, the Bank of England, and the World Bank, among others. The study also underpins the BBC’s widely used job automation risk tool.

Frey regularly contributes op-eds to the Financial Times, Foreign Affairs, Scientific American, and the Wall Street Journal, writing on the economics of artificial intelligence, the history of technology, and the future of work and cities. His research and commentary have been featured in over 100 media outlets, including The Economist, The New York Times, Time Magazine, The New Yorker, Le Monde, and Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung. He frequently appears on major international broadcasters such as CNN, BBC, PBS NewsHour, Al Jazeera, and Sky News.

Frey holds degrees in economics, history, and management from Lund University and earned his PhD from the Max Planck Institute for Innovation and Competition.